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John Lee on export controls

From OPTICA VIP RECEPTION KEYNOTE JOHN T.C. LEE, MKS Inc. Given Monday January 19th 2026, San Francisco. · · Jose Pozo CTO Optica Corporate Info Channel

“When the Biden administration came out with the first big semiconductor restrictions we couldn't sell to our Chinese customers' equipment OEMs, and out of our two billion in semiconductor revenue equipment about 15% went away.”

John Lee
President, Chief Executive Officer & Director, MKS INSTRUMENTS INC
Controversial Policy Impact export controlspublic policyrevenue impacttrade restrictions

On , John Lee, President, Chief Executive Officer & Director at MKS INSTRUMENTS INC, spoke about export controls during OPTICA VIP RECEPTION KEYNOTE JOHN T.C. LEE, MKS Inc. Given Monday January 19th 2026, San Francisco. on Jose Pozo CTO Optica Corporate Info Channel.

OPTICA VIP RECEPTION KEYNOTE JOHN T.C. LEE, MKS Inc. Given Monday January 19th 2026, San Francisco.
Watch on YouTube at 36:39
OPTICA VIP RECEPTION KEYNOTE JOHN T.C. LEE, MKS Inc. Given Monday January 19th 2026, San Francisco.
Watch on YouTube at 36:39
SUMMARY: At the Optica VIP reception at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, John T.C. Lee, President and CEO of MKS Incorporated, delivered a world-class keynote on why advanced packaging has become the new system bottleneck in AI. Lee positioned MKS as a foundational infrastructure provider. $3.8B revenue. Technologies embedded in ~85% of wafer-fab equipment and ~70% of critical advanced packaging and PCB steps. His core message was blunt: semiconductor scaling alone is no longer enough. AI performance is now constrained by how chips are connected, powered, cooled, and packaged. Tracing MKS’s 65-year evolution, Lee explained the strategic logic behind the Atotech acquisition. Initially unpopular with investors, it proved prescient as AI boards exploded in complexity. Servers now require ~40-layer PCBs, with 60 layers in development and 100 already on roadmaps. Packaging is undergoing the same structural revolution semiconductors went through over decades. He framed Moore’s Law in three eras: transistor scaling, multi-core architectures, and today’s heterogeneous integration. NVIDIA’s H100 at 336 billion transistors only works because packaging makes many chips behave as one system. In the Q&A, Lee addressed hard issues directly: the Atotech leverage “penalty box,” the overnight loss of ~15% of semiconductor revenue from 2022 export controls, and why MKS runs zero-based R&D planning tied to real market pull. His conclusion was clear. The next decade of AI will be decided as much by packaging and photonics as by silicon. A rare, systems-level view from one of the industry’s most disciplined operators.
John Lee

About John Lee

President, Chief Executive Officer & Director · MKS INSTRUMENTS INC

At a January 2026 Optica VIP reception, Lee stated that semiconductor scaling alone is no longer sufficient for AI performance, which he said is now constrained by how chips are connected, powered, cooled, and packaged. He noted that MKS products are embedded in approximately 85% of wafer-fab equipment and 70% of critical advanced packaging and PCB steps. Lee also remarked that when the Biden administration introduced initial semiconductor restrictions, approximately 15% of MKS's semiconductor equipment revenue from Chinese customers was lost. In October 2024, Lee received the Pinnacle Award from the Asian American Business Development Center. In his acceptance speech, he described his background as a member of the "1.5 generation" — born in Taiwan and moving to the U.S. as a child — and argued that broadening the tent of diversity and inclusion is an essential leadership characteristic. He stated that MKS's revenue grew from $700 million to $3.5 billion during his 15-year tenure. In a separate keynote that month, Lee said advanced packaging is growing at 10% annually and is critical for continuing Moore's Law in the AI era, and that MKS addresses 70% of the steps in making advanced packages. In 2023, Lee discussed China's semiconductor self-reliance, arguing that China remains reliant on Western innovation and has not yet produced genuine domestic sources of non-incremental innovation.

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