Michael Szabados - My digital journey from microprocessors to the cloud

I'd let you think very long at all. I have the honor and the pleasure to talk about some of those things that we really gained experiences in my life. As Adam pointed out, I landed in Silicon Valley very early in my life and started working for myself. So a number of interesting talk shirts in India, three or four years or 39, he's done. So several focus on building and beauty to ask and let's expand on base aspect. I almost ended up moving there. I'm very proud of that car. It produces the vehicle wherever, who knows her Arizona lost a person. Not too many people is the number one documentary makers in the movies on your kinetics. The box a pile of my club by my ear talk and since the caregiver historical perspective on my first job was around in very simple topics: paper, not microprocessors system, and how the design interior surfaces. Oh, by the way, I'm acting foolishly. Sakata the four years ago has declined, and then I left. Yeah, I thought so. Left the country illegally and faced my degree at UC Irvine. So inserting a finish and Intel written in the paper. So then I got into the Internet. The Internet group was a very interesting turning point also. Then in '86, I settled. I am reporting from doing any communications for themselves, running the networking communications group. And what I say one another interesting also, then I ended up as far as the optics at reform and participated in the meteoric rise of the whole quiet server communication infrastructure explosion, all about Ethernet nominally dependence of not very prosaic but it's a big deal. And then I spent time on mobility topics and ask a lot more mobility, an interesting topic that I was there to expand on with equally the your present head and the neck transformation of the whole industry from so arrow digital mix to all digital, all IP, just in. And then also ignited the club. I want to just count the leader of the clan receivers when you guys are interested. So the folder the observations are making. I expect that you'll find through the discussion it will be the case that when we get there, we are today actually needs nonsense for more than 15, but a raid is really the result of all these layers of innovations. And long the next layer couldn't be done on the 3ds there. So there a lot of painting is the real technology marketplace in action and the Chilean exemplary play or illustrating the benefit of free market economy, and that's exactly what the place in Silicon Valley. And there are so all these different components that can boost this stack to the cloud. It's all on one wall at the other layers or so. So you have to if something but invested P voice type, it will make a domestic screaming because they were invented people at home. So I actually what is over. So the second part of this observation is that every one of these layers are really at one point represented a battlefield of different standards and technology. One or two of each which ultimately female. And so this is going to be some of the details of my discussion. And in religious coffee, we detailed Beast number likes panel members but Intel in 1981 wasn't at all clear including the leader in either technology or in the marketplace. And the ethical some really interesting things to some money game again the controlling position. So the thought of a world war II interesting battle is all the networking technology. And then all four than that actually because it was relatable to from competing standards, hardware and software standards, and who knew what which one would be elements where we are today. Both that and also the network software very ordinary PCP IP because the least likely in my mind at the time, Hillary would be surprised the only interesting battle is to computing architectures, one at risk and other system. And for those of you are not in the technology space, I'll explain one on the money represent. But what the point here is that intelligences company and obviously they had a wonderful run, but ultimately this as one and time the product at times and other times more risk officers in every one of your mobile phones for example and all the IEDs and all the routers Italian in turn still horizontally sloped sick island mad at everybody. And there's no who it has another than cost effective well possible up there. Tell our long time ago, it used to be a little tender. So let's extend on ponytail. This is long. As I looked for them eight years in, I do different jobs. All of the designs being management, the other one that was a product manager for the networking groups. And I call it was actually the first software collar going on on the Internet oppression inter thought. Now an adult very memorable song is at capacity 17:04 son again David chemist. I mean these people can learn more noise. Bob Noyce, equal from la fecha and reading. Oh, gimme a computational tree. And maybe later these people are chemists, but here's an antelope user get it degree from Berkeley. And in fact, cigar what to do with silicon technology and how do we only make this evidence? The Japanese were doing the first digital building digital watches, and people got into the business. And the first product you can either produce the digital watch effectively Chrome or my chrome and nonprofit watch that done. Some people still today, you know, the holding down there clouds five-year you can get on. And even even funny is a statistic stop being so definitely mental drive so long. The only interesting the turning points for Intel for sort of investment into the microprocessor world. And I also in this fortune of working with or athlete being in the same lumen the inventor of microprocessors microprocessor technology instead of disputed. I'm worried what recently. And he was the one developing the first microprocessor at the four thousand four, and it had elected three thousand transistors. By comparison, Intel's latest processors have a billion times more, three thousand million transistors. So it's helpful trajectory. But for Intel to get in here, I wasn't achieve you know. And the reason that dividing you really is because the Japanese eat the crap out of them from the memory foam. So Intel was doing something very simple: didn't deal amps 48, four thousand bits, 16 K. They were still pretty good at 16k, 64 K. They lost the game. NEC, the Japanese meet the temple and pipe pushing the price. Now there was a lot of political pressure on our government to somehow cancel the dumping the Japanese performance. And ultimately there was no seeing in terms. So Intel was really forced into a different election. And there was any groups doing and Eve just jumped in both feet. And by that time, the only eight is early on 80, 81, it was pretty clear that yes, tonight the microprocessors call de a tea party wasn't the prettiest among the fastest and so on. And both motorola anxiety at better products. So Intel decided to counter this with a huge campaign. As much as the marketing to me, it was a campaign that every employee particularly including myself but all of our designers for when 83-85 it was kind of on and on. And the Newton at the 8086 but the operation crush which bill dated August with Olivia logically in the time launch for Kennedy was to the brain behind it. And it immediately enlisted every single employee, every engineer or just much as the search continued. But engineers there to give speeches, they have to be educated designing certain positive aliens involved. And they were able to turn the side to deceive ending also advertising in multiple different extreme pro shows they said that. And ultimately they in terms of the time. But very interestingly, the IDF decision for the entire process that happened sort of as a result of this, but nobody can truly so. That was the biggest thing that happened to himself is an IBM take the Intel technology and they're easy architects level. And the rest is history as they say. And that was already so Microsoft only would delete out. So the old so IBM got defective. Now IBM very trusting with interesting position also leaders. But IBM for longest time was a lot of stuff playing the idea of using their own technology at the various process early in their own software neuralgia. And it was one of those interesting stories that the rebels inside IBM which is often died in a craft accident Freda layer of this book. But these people were able to make a call to use external technology, and that really will create an IBM success. An IBM PC was clear using a new industry from scratch.

So even after this, you know, Intel had a lot of operating expense pressures, and IBM ended up giving them a loan of I think twenty fifty million dollars. It was so powerful it evolved adventures which involved shares of stock at certain strike price, which they ended up selling at a huge profit later. But retailers are given saving grace. And now this event retail is more definitive moment which is the Windows in doubt. You know, architectural sort of block right. What's a ton of Intel is today? It's UNIX more used to be Unix, Linux containers, and it's a much smaller larger than this. There's of course the magical charm, and these are these other three caps of winter is by far the biggest left of that tub for business imagine sisters is just like the if there is something else on them. Let me do you Holly subjects on the web. And I think it's really appropriate to explain to those of any early computer technology. This is two different kinds of computer: number of instructions per program. And what happens is that the compiler, that is the code that translates the program you write to machine code, has to be more complicated and smarter. So enterovirus technology, it released compiler technology whether the beautiful who understand into this case. But there is just getting much smaller than a city and so less power. And so I get getting on a roll faster. But ultimately the compiler that needs a defense. So in every told you that the winner of the balance is interesting, and it's a lesson to demand in that I do. I'd like to try to deal their own risk alternatives, but it could never never gain traction because very hard when you are the leader in assists world. It's very hard to play both sides. And I have those of you where further knowledge for innovators Dylan, you know, they really succeeded in this and they couldn't disturb their selves meaningful. And where they lost it ultimately was for the potholes at that point is that match. So Apple I so ever water was a turning point. And I another one it had one number 30 points per hundred will talk about the area the state that I spent time the last. And yet the Apple I 86 just fired jobs. I barely met him, but he was only there. And his successor, John Sculley, on Joker by the way. I don't want Easterner Durant played in Maine. And my see I design various industry Porter is active still in a mess or. But he, you know, this is to be the head of marketing for taxable that's equal and Georgia license marketing style. So invited me for that the next you know he did the engine fattening. So I basically was really problem by solids also not right because it's call. He wanted to take the Macintosh, which was introduced two years earlier, so that's a small matter and making those negative thoughts in order to take it to the corporate world. And there was a tremendous amount of interest in graphical computing in corporate rule. Everybody was all about trying to gain productivity from the desktop versions. And it was cool. People are doing transactions in or on. People were doing airline counters or for whatever pitches it was. It was so the Guardian we attracted that the graphical interface it would really do accelerate things that make people more productive. And then that attraction pushed us to build what's needed to make the methodology a little trial were were capable that's a computer. And that was the biggest piece of that was so my job was to connect the damn thing to anything that moves from Baxter mainframe to you know at to a sort of medical users tcp/ip map. And of course we have our own natural called appletalk and Arirang includes on Ethernet called ether ether talk. And the initial networking idea was really to share papers the particular laser-like laser likelihood not twenty thousand four thousand dollars pop it was your chair. But so I think that a lot of it and basically visited CIOs of watch contents. And I remember meeting CRE on supported CIO thought a John Deere. I mean, I mean just these people were just very interested in understanding what they could do differently with a graphical user interface on the decimal. But that what we do know that there's not more needed to really win this battle against cleaner and IBM particles. So I so apples chosen elegant with IBM. But IBM just had so much of a presence because of the main things in these operations that apples battle or doing it being able to prepare you so food is at the Apple pivoting and have it in between DNA that it would be corporate in a day. Not I have one and a lot of mice and develop until and educational institutions, artists and graphic designers and so on. Sonic but some because the Coppola desktop is still windows. And there are a lot of reasons for that. But I saw a good IBN money playing. Microsoft has done a damn good job keeping it their position. But that won't be keep something outside quite defense they had on a keytar. The Macintosh is nice with a soft are giving the money and become on your life for you. So far as one that was also pleased to this sign of is Microsoft. Microsoft in 1988 out there obviously when the sort of replacing. I remember all evening nation in a part that the Microsoft had become up come up come up with the Windows window this order which was open and seamless digitization of the Macintosh turn on the desktop. And our graduate later just ship lifted its ship that he didn't do even their code. And so we sued them but to no avail. We domestically but this was an epic battle. And what really happened it is but why - because she within the same paradigm and your dental tender the best time better job that means of what they could they could. So until attractiveness partly but they never they know it's Microsoft Network okay. Cubert needs obviously one time guys. So these are other for the myself experience. And I want to eat Ethernet group in and on itself is released the dead standard used today. Although all of the features that were these idea at the time or no one who needed it still there even an attendant of being the technology that could scare too many gigabits of speed from ten megabits per second. And it was the office and stabilized prior to my arrival at the team. But then we were building software and on where basically Ethernet but it was really decnet. I'm sorry on digital very much if they are the often HP both three companies that standardized together. He knocks modern appeals wonder difficulty accompany deals with all of the most esteemed research centers in the valley or the Xerox PARC Palo Alto Research Center. And that's when that we ultimately face and a lot of value in all of the epidemic in repeats photography holiday card. So the beauty of this is that is that while there were many defense on the standards and all the software standards, this battle kind of set in during this time. We do belong on Ethernet token link home continues from the lovato a with IBM standard. Ethernet one civil past tender. And what we had not yet at that time had not yet figured out we stopped less than will prevail. So I was working like that magnetics an anti gowipe only topless ended. But tcp/ip one why I have no idea. And no idea tcp/ip won immunity. And a long time very particular periodically whether it was a research project is the darkest standard for connecting computers. And what we were just looking at me like this you know we're danger nobody ever we both functionality added and not a Susheela name on Android. But we'll see what we see one phrase not only by1 do using Ethernet set up a standard. tcp/ip was not associated with the lander could that be it because that the Windows machines were also open right than anyone. Well it's Ethernet focus the big thing about even a factory automation instability 40. I mean that metal gives that much like nothing else. And a chip that would do in or chip will actually detect each exploit for big and too small ones right. No other chick Nora standard that we polished. And the temperature I think this you guys tcp/ip Zelda different line. And I bet against yes good. How do you determine that like the TPD wanna give up on pushing?

Oh today after after Apple I imagine work for a company called the synopsis see not listening that could be expected and absolutely no need anyway. He came from the fiber and it was before before cosmos opposing optics okay just behave we didn't know Maya. I in order for the live server computing model to take hold, not only did you need a smart verify all right donor or less the professor like the Macintosh and Windows machine and the portal server, but you needed a letter that is casual a traffic and share resources and communicate. And Ethernet originally was very clunky hardware piece. It was a quiet commercial for SEO hijo de puta rich and an ought to mention and certainly ought to to gradual the ceiling. And every time you wanted to collect work versus you have to use some violence in the tenth day you have to pierce the all time that before. And so they are too early and it's just it was not really fun. And this company and college we were working on the to you groaning Ethernet at the same speed on unshielded twisted-pair marsh electricity telephone line. And it's not designed for this kind is Dennis p @n kxb second L Atari 400. And that it was a need. And the engineers and I knew most of them so that the optics but they were able to solve the problem or create even a signal to noise you know the pre modulation scheme that actually work on inputs actually on the teeth. And then it developed into a wiring clip and it developed me to arm switches and routers. And what we but fundamentally excite that we could collect every single desktop as a little just modeling the wall this is any better. So these are the hardware technology and it wanted to be mended. But without it we would have you know how did you have gotten to where we are? It has to be managed. You know when you grow here to be able to temperature here to predict about this stuff because what the difficulty team in the mainstream the main claim is amoenus be relaxed. I mean it's all in one also the environment on the users get screwed up because all we have is it is a kernel silk. So the battle was for severe end up. And this requires you the computing model required a lot of innovation. And in Bangkok it would get very real event. We have so here we are abroad internet so beginner companies connecting computers and new friends. I kept hearing a teacher thank you. I would say in the early nineteen thirteen until I became the commodity large company or he already had the enjoy university to look to the wide area networks are very very slow at this point. Did you put in the people working in the networking they would envision the butyl and or or what village are definitely in company in so severe were private networks at the private level of course. And it was the support frame relay technology and later on MPLS. So networking existed and speeds were you know good speed was one point five megabits per second second two of 12 building. And so it was before they it was solved as a very salty full of because that is not involved the specter filter at all. They were here you have to collect in campuses reporting about collecting to company them and nothing to deter exactly a networking and like email inside level there was only for Apple people anybody any can course. But we gotta talk about sending us come on. This is just a chart about the speed of land and volley Bureau and selection group eternal meaning. And then what you see is we are at the border the under gate range with ethernet speeds. And people say about what that much speed let's go decide to stand and valen whatever filling you suffer going to find a way. And you know what your reality to it. So internet and I am missing a visual award develop that I mentioned earlier. But it is started in 1995 when when that case and public monies or 80s and and the idea was of another explosive success there forth after that what happened is they disappear but because they did not have the the management music survive the answering the needle everybody want America except today. And then they got all my AOL of Nigeria. And this very special place. We're now entering a sacred location. It's the location where the internet began. It's the holy place. And we've just come back to 1969 when the critical events of the ology began. That machine over there is the first piece of the internet equipment ever installed. It's a mini computer which we now call a packet switch. This is a military hardened machine. You can't break it. And it was meant to sustain itself unattended for years at a time. This particular machine is so ugly on the inside is beautiful. It has unique odor, a delicious old odor from all the old part. It consists of modems, CPU, logic units, memory, power supply, all the things you need to make an efficient computer world. This machine served as the first node of the internet for decades. And it was from here that the first message was sent. A revolution began. And the only record we have of what happened that day is in this log. On October 29th, 1969 at 10:30 at night, we enter that we talked to Stanford Research Institute hosts a host computer to computer. It's very much like when in on Columbus ship the fellow up on top who first spotted land he noticed it was and he basically made an entry saying we spotted land. That document and this document have at least the same equivalent importance. Now what was that first message? Many people don't know. All we wanted it to was login from our computer to a computer 400 miles to the north of the Stanford Research Institute. The login you have to type L O G. And that machine is smart enough to type the I am now to make sure this was happening properly. We had our programmer and the program of north connected by a telephone handset just to make sure what's going correctly. So Charlie type D L. You get the L goes end yeah oh yeah so I feel get the old yep got EO pack G cat the Jeep crash yes I wanted to the crash. Chris message m on the internet was no no. I couldn't ask for more such thing more powerful more pathetic language. Well I still have a copy of the phone directory from the late 1970s of everybody who was on the internet. And it was a document about that thick. And it had the name, address, and telephone number of every single person. Actually had it twice because it had it once sorted by their email address and once sorted by their actual name. So if you had a problem with anybody you could look them up, you could find them, you can find who the actual person was associated with that email address. And still today I threw that and you know surprising fraction of the people I actually knew. For example, you know there were two other Danny's on the internet and I knew them both. I still know them both. I couldn't help it. This to me the most astounding bird very very you know now I was before my time. I visited beginning or deeper this almond movie. So I decided to I told you I won't clear. So a few words about mobility because I want a lot more relative because because there is an interesting turning point we mobility as i said before. And i i i would be extension official people at fault let's go in there in the turning point. So in order to create a fully PC series obama's you have to give you the architecture completely and you have to really bring a model management environment is what we do that that works just what is very different from what you have read this generation technology. And on the 4g devotion that essentially say five years old meaning that people really started to put it down with time five years ago. And let me update please ago it was the employment I can only the third world countries are still probably without the important. And all the major you know geography all the US Canada so my examine it now. But the one arm the complexity and I have a charted flash of I'm not when I expected retail but uh but let us all as being to assure the function of with networks. So even to this day we are we are all just probably have over 50 percent 60 percent market share of assuring a mobile telephone networks. So rise may be wonderful team of really you name it spent you know they are using no technology. And so has our business is actually doing this. The other half is assuring enterprise networks. But the interesting thing about the mobile robot which is that is that we enter this very late. We have two PCI we already know PCIP they need a tcp/ip normally are headed in their space. You know the management provider who and their ordnance are gaming basically within society either they've brought a knife to a company essentially. People do not understand DCPI pH scale will not participate. So just to kind of give you a sense of the complexity the various layers of the architecture. The ng really like an excess layer which has yong-hwa power of the for the datacenter behind it. And they were all bunch of services including billing and so what our patron services and also the latest wave technologies already voiced to digital to advocacy be activated upon. The complexity is not just a single multi-layer articles. The fact that almost any telephone network has to interoperate with previous generations. Certainly Europe appear to be g20 to gene as the team and the journal for example for their protective you know you could indicate due to fear or linear meters. The people people we innovate and very early like Germans in in that space got stopped in the old technology. And a network like this for a system like this has to inter connect interoperate with everyone. You start with a single most complicated home visit in the world. I would say this is the most kind of time that it's been to network for variety network is the most on vehicle in the world you can imagine. And a lot of pieces that can free. So just wanted to go quick quick. Remember I said that it isn't that expensive like upgrade 2g network is that your Forge it like it is that different? Yeah, it's completely cut round. It is not to be dependent a network. So the difference and I'm not gonna believe you but the defect is essentially that the then a previous generation networks were really circuits. So they are they dig so called SSL protocol which existed seven architectures that that are separate the portals holds all information that is who want to talk to both on the actual a tower voiced export true. And also it wasn't you might see that for later and it wasn't designed for the kind of speed that you want. In fact that brings me to the next chart which is a very jet engine. So I kind of use the previous chart correct answer internet speed. This is really the d4 and 5g technologies are in terms of speed. And yet Zeelandia it did 40th experiment on them enemies per second cylinder. And then couldn't afford for watching a movie business problem a lot less intellectually. But 5g look at this is this is probably going to be in white circulation like my point is is that descending of it and even fast and why what's the point? Well who says that mobile devices should be more less than that's ugly muscle. So that is the vision. And in what's really interesting about this as well as the processor technology is that people have really really been surprised. The naysayers generative people never believe you have time usually to do something you do it to the area or that is ability a processor that is simply I mean so these are the kind of things that never stops and is scary. To earth about a glass this is this is sleep on the soldiers four giant everything that we talked about. The cloud is a beneficiary but the climb itself is not a new innovation per se. It is taking advantage of all the pieces and it's been a long time coming. The first version of the cloud existed well before the bubble burst may result in further datacenters. They didn't have no translation they didn't have all other things but on the idea of the same that not only the work load could be outsourced more cost effectively throughout are provided and not be done in your own datacenter. Now we have all the pieces it seems and the cloud is an honor a success. And what they are seeing today is is the bulk of our enterprise customers and the market we entered lines in the world are talking about moving of chaunt or all of their applications from their premises to the cloud. And this all is all very limited and just point out the difficulty Atlanta smaller to Clark very clear. You can you can create these sources for your application and bring them down in matter of seconds on the premises. In no technology world it takes some time. The server take weeks months the provision even built a virtual item. It's also elastic meaning if you need more and if you Christmas epigenetic automatically in this statement there's more than investment more thinking and and itself it's all effects operating expense not skeptics. You don't have to shell out on them for anything. I just think by the outside perspective really a lot of people are using the the Amazon analytics for your for your super suing resource. And I know not lose control of this data but I'm telling you or and more people using analytics packs in the cloud are obviously you can do something for two hours and then walk away. And you could use the most powerful your pocket of a lip service in the world at your service. So it is it is this is going to take the world by fire toilet. And it's going to put a lot of IT people other business and other jobs. And I talking about a talking about automation create the end of the markets clearly wallet. This is not the more people judge faster than water. But yeah just I they still got a venture fund and basically completely you know change venture capital because you know ten years ago like you had to have like at least a million a couple million dollars in start a company. And now you don't use all the VC funds basically most of their metrics the series based on where necessary just need a little bit of early capital which can be very little. And then you need growth capital when you're like big and you need to grow faster to hire salespeople. But then middle is what like nobody needs it is hopefully I mean it's your generation that kind of like bullion. So on the left but being that what you think.

I think that there's a combination they said in the last slide. I I told that it's not going to be technical. So we learn that stage where everybody wants to go faster if cheaper faster. Well well I think that then you know the fact that Intel are moved from building digital watches to microprocessor that that was merit month. You know another invention eater. Ethernet people knew that they needed fast Network because very much it wasn't accidental. So it's kind of you know graphical user interface what was accidental is that that job ultimately succeeded. But the idea I think they're 10 years instead of spark they claimed. So I would say that the characteristic thing is that that the seeds for these new technologies are out there. And what's another block is assuming it is commercial in the ferocious government anything. Davis keep non-electronic single I trust me absent movie. So with that but we are totally results. We are seeing is a network science like every and you are both the largest network engineer. So if the part of our team dealing the network science might be efficient hopefully an accumulation with my celebration. So if you feeling more than a political philosophical levels of fun up with network you guys we're like sorry afternoon Revere. Well they're connecting sprint and they're connecting everybody in the world. News ever had the explosion of like what social impact you guys have your technology so many customers. Big get-together sleep users. And the other thing about to do that because click on values will have not existed all the world is different. But we don't have it I don't even discussing that one unit question we talked about what we wanted to behind do without that for money national. I don't agree. I mean yeah one of the is a notice people diversity tonight. I have access to a convenient laptops but someone is selling them in the little bit that if if somebody could internet we wouldn't go back to where we sought their maker neither. And what just thought but we go back 50 years before I mean everything with them did we fall back in the storage we had a plan. So happy impressive up straight of able to see cyberattack 99 countries thousands of computers. And I in the UK they shut down both the tow vehicle we just can't like write in your and recordings from either side. Yes the only time to give you give you a little infomercial but even didn't talk about security business essentially unions as a loss protection collection that video. The other one is address persistent threat and the DDoS speeds is very very popular not in I don't know what is ready for the other side to side like that. There are many different kind of either protect them. So we basically but like a grant heart would be nothing but work on last October I think time began to die daily diameter if the DNS you know at the DNS server for for the big guys okay a little actually like Facebook and LinkedIn it all these guys are using that company as their as molander. There are three points for DNS services and because attacked by the largest ever volume a deeply dots using cannons cannon a small cannons part of unit is cameras and I and an IP address. And we have a computer in and that you should I take them you know you managing the control program abused and used bacon bacon same stupid request to the restaurant okay. And the million of them was five milligrams and nobody gets there nothing as a dime actually came down. And Facebook example they may happen LinkedIn was not were they yes. And the good thing is that they were not possible similarly a similar effect by seeing the same type of character and visited the what methods I feel like Canada I'd be delighted. Gavin the real politics but they were crossing the walls. So we know what happened was very multi moved here region and here hoping for me to be detected if we direct them to a very large capacity triggering a class that can clean forward that occurs yeah debugging reverse activity. And so we were able to save people ages from similar. We're coming in that computer in time but this kill largely tell our stories for what then with the special thoughtful is not even not Amazon called you starring our case the use data centers that can just slow or the duty stopping Peter carnival tipping point. Our music in jobs founders of accompanies our dependence they grow up in at a time and he thought my accident that a Microsoft or Sony not because each other because they ate was great but because the time was right for these companies. According to you to be positive it is when the next anymore in its now when in in 2007 for was living point 22 lifetime at 30 years. You will say as you look what a co-founder looking back we all had really good 2004 at the time if I mean the police very early in my closet that you know the days of innovations lay down before Senegal the tallest of giant. So absolutely I agree to that. Innovations that before a time ago spotted out but innovations that are that are surrounded like the right permissions. I don't know how to answer the question. I mean I agree with your premise but what does it mean for next? I I told you that I don't see and and maybe nobody can see won't make major bridge like it quantum computing screwed. But there are few more projects that are really my vote is that their innovation for things to delusions of the technology that isn't well because what we are hearing you know ask you what it takes to start a company and simply create a massive that there are billion you know it you know in that very familiar feel and things like that. To me it is our weather the most exciting yes better like an excellent see the prediction for that next.

Well I think it's absolutely right about that. New York like harshman's like our next real conversation and there are conversations but I don't think there are people in India you know any more relevant and you are for anybody in the audience is the social phenomena the social dynamic. It's not technology the social negative on the back end because I said basically technology innovation we go happy.

Well unless you do the consensus days looking into the calculus Alliance. I mean I so I would say that some it's more supportive water you know more people both for that collection than not to be financially for those remember the website now but net neutrality is essentially regulation that prevents internet service providers or differentiating among any of its customers in terms of speed error rates anything. So everybody has to have the same service the same prices. And then of course what happens is metrics gets the same men begin again the last all the ways in the back right without the banded they couldn't possibly a competitor and they won't get more successful properties because on the backs of the emerging math Knights phone and another 4G party. But for you that makes me violent in skirmish like a highway Reuters Luhan rental and all the cars and are a mother in the highway going ruin little margin would relate to this back to life my frustratingly seven games but on l2 by rising and trying to understand why that is over so many years with technology is going better obviously as to me it's clear that they want to make more money off me I get that. But there's at some point which they're going to become less competitive when somebody offers me unlimited under the JumpShip. So I is no reason to collage of cookies variable pricing because I that's the problem right that we're all going on it may give up a bit unlimited we gum the system and and is that break that they had then they happened that's another once they could keep infrastructure the same and sorry initially is variable pricing put your variable service like that's irking a deflection you know I speed or higher ability to or less error rates or whatever Jesus then in short charge more point. I think that would be your right in this case if they have technology are saying that the market is which city no regulation antibody that's protected it is like be you see it all did you lose equations that's what the federal government the FCC is to the antenna suppliers okay it's a utility console big listen like a YouTube.