Luiza Trajano9:39
A family from the countryside, right? I'm from Franca, a city that is 70% Mineiro and 30% children of Mineiros. It's in the northwest of Minas Gerais. So we speak 'porta portão'. One of the things that was very cool for me, Pedro, and for everyone watching, is that I never wanted to lose my conscience or my essence. I am feminine. I use my feminine mind to manage. So that helped me, I don't know if it was something. And my family was raised with a lot of purpose. So, my aunt, who has no children, I am an only child, and my aunt bought the company. She was a saleswoman at a very large store, and when she bought it 63 years ago, in November, she only had money to pay the first installment. It was a small store in front of where she had worked. She got married, became a representative. My uncle lived in Franca, and her dream was to return to Franca. From the beginning, she knew why she was setting up a store: to generate jobs for the family. Money was never the end for us; it was always a means to get where we got. And she never paid an installment if someone told her, 'Dona Luiza'—I call her Isa because she has no children, Ana Luiza—but I am so honest. She would say, 'I don't see any advantage in pressuring the supplier.' Unlike even me, she would squeeze to always win for the supplier, but she never said, 'You understand me, I'll pay you on time.' She never told a lie. So I come from a family with very strict principles. Even when there was no money, if a customer told her—back then there was no control, no computer, no payment booklet—if a customer said, 'Oh, Dona Luiza, I already paid,' she wouldn't receive it to avoid being seen as dishonest, even if that money was needed. So first, I come from a family like that. Second, since I was a girl, I was very questioning of inequality. My mother would say to me, 'Girl, too much frankness is a lack of education.' Why was I single? Why didn't I have this? I questioned why others had it and I didn't, and I did things to have it. I was born with this spirit. And the first golden rule I set from the moment I started working is: do to others what you would like them to do to you. So that led us our whole lives. If I can't do it for the other, then if I don't do it for myself, I can't do it for the other. When you have that very strong inside you, you get a little lost. Sorry, look, I really wouldn't do to Pedro what I would do to myself. And so we started. In 1991, I was already a fact. My whole life, my family was entrepreneurial, not even a bit managerial. I am a chaotic manager. I just do it. I do it, I make mistakes, I change. If I get it right, I change too. But I am not committed to getting it right; I am committed to doing it. And quickly. To close the first time, fine. If I make a mistake the second time, the same thing, I'm already getting irritated. The third time, call me stupid, because I say I have to make room for new mistakes. New mistakes, new errors. And so, Pedro, my whole life, when I was a little girl, I started working at 12 during the holidays, because I was raised that way. I think the thing that helps me the most, that people ask me a lot, is being raised with a solution-oriented mindset. If I brought a small problem to my mother—only child—'Mom, that teacher rejected me,' she would say, 'Good, now you can prove she will have to regret rejecting you.' And that happened. In the first year, those lines... My mother put me in school at six, I was going to turn seven. I was already small, so I was very tiny. The main teacher was absent. The next day she arrived and said, 'If I had been here, I wouldn't have let this little girl stay.' I was in the video. I heard it. I came home and told my mother. She called the teacher and said, 'Look how intelligent, why did you do that to my daughter?' She said in the simplest language, 'It's not like that. She will still have to be very proud of you.' And today I can't even say that in front of her because she is alive. She says, 'I was the one who said it.' And Luiza Helena, so if I brought a problem, she made me find a solution. And the little friends... I was raised with this solution-oriented mindset. So, not feeling sorry for myself. That is very strong. My aunt was the same. Despite having an Italian uncle, I will go. And the struggle of being a woman is no different from all the others, except that I don't feel sorry for myself, and I also love a challenge. So when something... I arrived in São Paulo to talk about Magazine Luiza, no one knew me. I spoke 'porta portão', without a business card, being a woman. So even today, I am the name of the woman president. And when I felt rejection, I would think, 'I'll find a way.' When they said, 'When talking to you, a woman has to be more competent than a man,' I would say, 'Good, I'll need to challenge myself.' On the other hand, I tell you, the struggle of women is very big, very serious, just because of being a woman. So today I fight a lot, not for myself or for my daughters, who were already raised in an environment of overcoming, but for the role of being a woman, which is still very difficult many times. Today, there are 7% of women on the boards of public companies. If you take out the daughters of owners and the owners themselves, it's 4%. To get to 50%, it will take 120 years. Where have you seen a board with no women? Because it's the woman who decides which computer, which card to buy, everything to buy. So yes, I tell men, you have to look at this a little. There is structural machismo, which is very difficult, just as there is structural racism, which we will talk about now, which is very serious. It is structural and ingrained. So it's very serious. And I joke with my friends when they show machismo. 'Look, you spoke machismo faster.' Since I am very feminine, I don't traffic in the masculine area. I would tell my husband, 'That's your thing.' And to Marcelo Silva, who was the president of Magazine, not the board, I would say, 'Marcelo, that's your thing.' Sometimes I would say, 'Marcelo, I'm going, I'm going. Believe it, believe it, it will work out.' He even believed it. But now, Pedro, your Paulo, I've been including him lately. The other day at the board, there were 7 votes, 6 in favor of entering a business, and only mine against. But I respect it. I took it to the board, I respected it, I stayed quiet. I said, 'Fine, all six.' But Frederico the next day wanted to know why I didn't want it. 'The boy was already approved, you run with it.' So now, when I talk about intuition, and when I say no, 'Oh my God, what is she including? What is she thinking?' But it's also an achievement. So I think what was most important is... I'll just make a point here that you made: purpose used to be cheesy, now it's profit. Nothing better than when something arrives at its time. Because there was a lot of breaking in companies, stock exchange, short-term results. Just to give bonuses to directors, to not be what? To not be what went there and put a result that the audit said was right, and suddenly it wasn't. I was talking about the triple bottom line. The pandemic brought that. Where will you measure culture? The way you do business, because otherwise it doesn't survive. But the pandemic accelerated this. I was telling you, how many funds do I meet now that say, 'Luiza, you have to talk about purpose.' Frederico, not just because he is my son, he wants to be among the first companies to work for. He knows that this, besides being a true thing of ours, he knows that it gives results. So this is very important. So the feeling I had was that I had a ping-pong ball of purpose and a ball of profit. I confess to you, once I turned down 40 million from a French company. After two years, we were going to be credit partners with Unibanco. Because when I closed the contract, each time she brought something, I closed the package, she brought another contract, she brought something more. I'm not complaining about her, but my purpose is not what you think it is. It's what you believe. I told her, 'If it's like that, I don't believe in a company that changes every time.' The last time he brought it, I was even pale. He said, 'Don't worry, they will give up what they put in.' I said, 'The deal is off here. I don't want it anymore.' I needed those 40 million to save my company. It was my salvation, even for the family. But the story was so strong, and I realized that if I had done it, we wouldn't be here today. The company didn't work out and left Brazil. So it was very big. So many times, you don't give up in the short term. To audit a balance sheet, Pedro, in 1995, when no retail was doing it, Arthur Andersen was the best. When he brought me the result, I said, 'Wow, we paid so much for you to speak so badly of us.' And this first one is terrible. Then the solution-oriented mindset kicks in. I called the three of them to come to Franca before releasing the balance sheet and show the cash flow with him. Because what breaks a company is cash flow. I opened the cash flow and said, 'I am digitizing a company that retail is not used to, not even the big ones, doing this. And I'm going to show a very bad balance sheet. I need credit, working capital.' And then there's the guy who today presents the IPO. I always talk about him. He was the financial director of Brastemp. He left, Pedro, praising a lot. 'Look, there's a company from the countryside, from Luiza. I went there, she audited the balance sheet. She is having the courage.' He helped me by endorsing it. And the balance sheet that was going to be bad, this balance sheet made us have funds, made us have partners later. Because without a balance sheet, it's a saying. So, giving up something for the benefit of the future is a purpose if you want the company to last 100 years. So for you, we can talk about purpose because now everyone wants it. At first, they thought, 'This player from the countryside, it won't work out very well.' Many times I was labeled like that until recently. Now it's, 'Luiza likes purpose a lot, but she doesn't like profit.' It's working, right? And even today I still hear that sometimes. I'm just answering at the right time. It's not very nice. You say something that is very important: when you have purpose, it's in crises that you make your purpose more tangible, and that's when you gain even more value. So see, you returned 40 million. How many crises have you had where you had a dividing line? When you say, 'What is my purpose? That you be happy. That's for culture, for your peers.' So if you return it and don't break it, you keep going. And you go, you don't know which way. And that's also for people who don't have a company. And I wanted to say something to your team that I think is very important. The pandemic accelerated things. I was already saying in my lectures, 'Guys, I was seeing many networks before, and we concluded that they were already studying a lot that you hire a person for their technical ability, but you fire them for their behavior. 90% to 10%.' And that's where the red-handed companies come in. Magazine was even doing it with a training program. There are international companies that do 10 blind tests to see how you deal with stress, with behavior, with others. Then later, technical ability and having good degrees don't matter. The first screening will not be by technical ability. And now in the pandemic, I'm hearing a lot of companies looking for methodologies to do this. Because if you don't screen for behavior, you acquire attitudes. If you want your child to be chosen for this, you can't say, 'I'm paying you, you can't discriminate against people,' because he will be chosen by behavior first. Then technical ability comes later. Do you understand? Because even if you get a very technical genius, you can even use him a little, but if he doesn't know how to deal with money, with life, with purpose, he will be seduced by the most expensive job and will change. You must have this problem in this area too, right? So I tell you, those who are watching, look for your purpose. I will read a letter from Frederico that I wrote for his first job in 1996. Believe it or not, I never told him to be president. I never told him to work at Magazine Luiza. No one believes this, Pedro. They think I pressed a button on the computer and he came out like that. Never, never. You will see his first job, where I wrote what he needed to apply: principles. Even my son was here. But when you talk to Luiza Helena, you think of things to pass on. I never pushed my son. I think this is extensive. It passes a little because we have to let people who do the right things, who have principles, that this passes. Look at the example you had. Dakotinha, back then it wasn't easy to invest in people in retail. The last thing people wanted was to be a salesperson. When nothing worked out, they would become a salesperson. I always loved being a salesperson. I come from a family of salespeople. In 2005, I took out a full-page ad in Veja magazine. I wasn't even that well-known as a woman. And I said, when I saw that no one wanted to be a salesperson, 'What should I do, Pedro?' I removed all the titles in the company, and we all became salespeople. When everyone was a salesperson, I went to the full-page ad and said that. Today I look and say, 'Wow, a director has a woman, right?' I continue doing that. I will read the letter, then we can go. I looked at the end, but I said, 'Now Frederico entered very early at GV. He was always very determined to do things.' My three children, I had little expectation. They would be this. I just wanted them to play in a band, do something they liked, that was cool. I had a few fears: car accidents and drugs. The rest they had to figure out. So I wrote on March 18th, when he left for his internship. Like every mother, I get emotional with the first child, arranging the cleaning. You don't have more experience than we do in business. A mother feels the same things that every mother has to see. And so, on March 18th, he went for his first internship. He was in the 3rd year, 2nd semester, 3rd year, and he went for an internship. So I wrote on March 18th, 1996: 'It is very good for us parents when we feel and witness an evolution and the cycles of our children, especially when these cycles are conquered with determination, effort, and above all, with a lot of love. Today you are beginning another stage of your life, and I would like to register my satisfaction. And as a mother, I couldn't miss some guidance: Always believe in yourself, in your faith, and that you have absolute... Seek not to identify things or people. Always have an attitude of exchange, of giving and receiving. Do not give up your ethics, morals, and belief in the evolution of men. Know that you have a mission, a purpose. Discover it and fight for it. Have time for everything, so organize yourself with rhythm and routine. Have passion for what you do, because only then will it be better and easier. Always be yourself, with truth and transparency. It is very important at this moment. And always ask for wisdom, authority, and justice.' And that's how you see that I didn't tell him to get money. I didn't tell him to be president. I didn't tell him anything. I told him to be a person, to do things with compassion, to seek to do things, to believe in the strength of work, in people. Because this thing about 'a crooked tree dies crooked'... So if you have education, you have to believe that people change if they want to change. So that's it.