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Ashok Elluswamy on automation

From Ashok Elluswamy: Building Foundational Models for Robotics at Tesla · · Matroid

“The vehicles are like a low-cost, scalable solution to transport and humanoid robots are a low-cost, scalable solution to automate like all physical work.”

Ashok Elluswamy
Executive Officer, Tesla, Inc.
Controversial Policy Impact automationtransportation costslabor/economic impact

On , Ashok Elluswamy, Executive Officer at Tesla, Inc., spoke about automation during Ashok Elluswamy: Building Foundational Models for Robotics at Tesla on Matroid.

Ashok Elluswamy: Building Foundational Models for Robotics at Tesla
Watch on YouTube at 1:31
Ashok Elluswamy: Building Foundational Models for Robotics at Tesla
Matroid
Watch on YouTube at 1:31
Ashok Elluswamy, head of the Tesla AI team, presents at Scaled ML 2026 Chapters: 0:00 - Introduction and Tesla AI Team Mission 0:20 - Tesla’s Mission: Producing Abundance 0:32 - Robotaxi Service in Austin, Driven by Cameras and AI 1:20 - Humanoid Robots and Automating Physical Work 2:05 - Full Self-Driving (FSD) Deployment and Safety 2:38 - FSD vs. Manual Driving Safety Metrics 3:30 - How the Software Works and Challenges 3:42 - End-to-End Driving System vs. Modular Approaches 4:34 - Why End-to-End Systems are Better for Robotics 5:17 - Example: Solving the Trolley Problem with a Puddle 6:06 - Example: Waiting for Chickens and Geese to Cross 7:20 - Advantages of Neural Networks: Latency and Scaling 8:01 - The Curse of Dimensionality 9:57 - The Role of Fleet Data and Collecting Interesting Scenarios 11:40 - Proactive Safety and Generalization to Rare Events 13:30 - Debugging and Interpretability in End-to-End Systems 14:26 - 3D Geometric Reasoning with Generative Gaussian Splatting 16:25 - Text-Based Reasoning for Situational Understanding 17:08 - Evaluation: The Long-Tail Problem and World Simulators 18:32 - Neural Network-Generated Simulation Video 19:34 - Using the Simulator for Policy Evaluation and Regression Testing 20:27 - Injecting Novel Issues and Adversarial Scenes 20:56 - Real-Time Simulation with Reduced Compute 21:48 - The Foundational Neural Network for All Robotics 22:06 - Generalization to Optimus Indoor Scenes and Manipulation 23:02 - Future Roadmap: Cybercabs and Optimus 24:05 - Join the Team 24:30 - Q&A: Cameras vs. Other Sensors 26:05 - Q&A: Rewards and Penalties in the World Simulator 26:24 - Q&A: Adding External Infrastructure 27:06 - Q&A: Control Command Frequency (36 Hz) 27:32 - Q&A: Human Voice Interaction 28:42 - Q&A: Improving Visual Perception and 3D Understanding 29:22 - Conclusion
Ashok Elluswamy

About Ashok Elluswamy

Executive Officer · Tesla, Inc.

Ashok Elluswamy, Vice President of AI at Tesla, has described the company’s mission as “producing amazing abundance for the entire world” through autonomous vehicles and humanoid robots. In early 2026, he stated that Tesla’s robotaxi service is operating in Austin, Texas, with no safety driver, and that the company aims to scale the service to the entire fleet. Elluswamy said that Tesla’s Full Self-Driving (FSD) system is an end-to-end neural network that uses only cameras and no radar, lidar, or HD maps, and that the same foundational model is being adapted for the Optimus humanoid robot. He predicted that by 2035 all cars manufactured will be self-driving and that humanoid robots will be able to interact in natural language. Elluswamy has emphasized that Tesla’s approach relies on large-scale data and compute, including the custom Dojo training hardware, to achieve safety and smooth driving. He stated that the company’s end-to-end system can be probed for reasoning traces and 3D understanding, and that it has enabled features such as emergency braking for crossing vehicles. Elluswamy described Tesla as “all in on robotics” and said the company is focused on producing intelligent robots for physical work, with the goal of creating a car that “doesn’t need to crash ever.”

Profile compiled from Ashok Elluswamy's verified public interviews and appearances. See all quotes & transcripts →

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